The Dimensions of 27: A Detailed Report on the Number at the Crossroads of Science, Culture, and Myth
Introduction
A number, seemingly ordinary, yet it resonates repeatedly across various fields of human knowledge. The number 27, an integer between 26 and 28, possesses an identity far more complex than it appears. On one hand, it is a fundamental constant of our physical world, such as the atomic weight of the stable isotope of aluminum being 27.1 On the other hand, it is shrouded in the tragic aura of a modern myth, becoming synonymous with the "27 Club," a cultural phenomenon symbolizing the premature death of genius.2 This vast span, from scientific precision to cultural myth, reveals the extraordinary depth and breadth of the number 27.
This report aims to delve into the multiple dimensions of the number 27, arguing that it is not merely an arithmetic symbol but a unique intersection connecting the abstract logic of mathematics, the physical laws of the universe, human spiritual beliefs, and the collective imagination of culture. The core argument of this report is that 27's most fundamental mathematical property—as the first odd cube, 33—provides the archetypal structure for its prominent status in various fields. This perfect cubic form endows it with an inherent stability and completeness, creating a profound resonance within human cognition.
This report will lead the reader on a journey of exploration. We will begin in Part One with the pure, abstract world of mathematics to establish its structural foundation. In Part Two, we will explore how it is embodied as physical reality in the scientific realm. Part Three will examine how it is imbued with spiritual and religious significance. Finally, Part Four will analyze the indelible mark it has left on human society and contemporary culture. Through this comprehensive investigation, we will reveal why the number 27 transcends its numerical value to become a cultural symbol laden with meaning and power.
Part One: The Blueprint of the Cosmos: 27 in the Language of Mathematics
This section aims to establish the fundamental abstract identity of the number 27 and argue that its unique mathematical properties are the primary source of its symbolic power in other domains. These properties not only define its arithmetic behavior but also provide a structural basis for its subsequent cultural and symbolic significance.
1.1 The Cube of Three: The Cornerstone of Stability
The most central and defining mathematical characteristic of the number 27 is that it is the third cube, or 33 (3×3×3).2 This is not just a simple multiplication; it carries profound conceptual meaning. In geometry, a cube represents a perfect three-dimensional form, symbolizing spatial integrity and structural stability. This mathematical form endows 27 with an innate association with solidity, completeness, and spatial reality.
This geometric stability further translates into symbolic power in culture and mythology. The human mind perceives reality in a three-dimensional world (length, width, height), so a number representing this dimensionality is naturally seen as a symbol of completeness and harmony. The preference for the number "three" in many mythological and religious systems, such as the three Fates in Greek mythology and the Holy Trinity in Christianity, reflects the foundational status of "three" as a stable structure (like a triangle).6 As the cube of "three," the number 27 elevates this stability to a higher dimension, representing a multi-layered, structurally complete system. This explains why in some esoteric philosophical systems, 27 is used to denote sacred complexity, such as its representation of the threefold aspects of God in Jewish mysticism.7
1.2 A Unique Number: The Distinct Profile of 27
Besides being a cube, 27 possesses a series of unique arithmetic properties that make it stand out in the numerical spectrum, exhibiting a rare internal harmony and self-referentiality.
- Composite and Deficient Number: 27 is the 17th composite number, with its positive divisors being 1, 3, 9, and 27.2 The sum of its proper divisors (excluding itself) is
1+3+9=13, which is less than 27, making it a deficient number.2 - Harshad Number: 27 is divisible by the sum of its digits (2+7=9, and 27÷9=3). This property shows an intrinsic connection between the number and its components.2
- Smith Number: The sum of the digits of 27 (2+7=9) is equal to the sum of the digits of its prime factorization (27=3×3×3, sum of prime factor digits is 3+3+3=9). This is a rarer property that again reinforces the perfect symmetry of its internal structure.2
- Other Properties: 27 is also the third decagonal number.2 It is the only positive integer that is three times the sum of its digits.5 Furthermore, it is the largest integer that is equal to the sum of the digits of its cube (
273=19683, and 1+9+6+8+3=27).5
These unique mathematical labels collectively shape the "personality" of 27, making it not just a counting unit, but a mathematical object full of internal logic and elegant structure.
1.3 The Geometric Mystery: 27 Lines on a Cubic Surface
The abstract significance of the number 27 reaches its zenith in higher mathematics. The 19th-century Cayley-Salmon theorem proves that any smooth cubic surface contains exactly 27 straight lines.1
This is a profoundly non-intuitive result, revealing that the number 27 is not merely a product of elementary arithmetic but a constant that naturally emerges from the deep structures of higher algebraic geometry. It is even related to the fundamental representation of the E6 Lie algebra in modern physics, demonstrating its importance at the forefront of theoretical physics.1 This discovery elevates the status of 27 from an interesting number to a fundamental cosmic structure, confirming its identity as a number embodying hidden order and complexity.
Part Two: Physical Embodiment: 27 in the Natural World
This section will demonstrate how the abstract number 27 is embodied in chemistry, biology, and astronomy, becoming one of the fundamental constants that constitute our universe and life.
2.1 The Core of Cobalt: An In-Depth Analysis of Element 27
In the periodic table, the element with atomic number 27 is Cobalt (Co).10 Its English name comes from the German "Kobold," meaning "goblin" or "evil spirit," because ancient miners believed cobalt ore was poisonous and would contaminate other metals, blaming it on the mischief of goblins.10 Cobalt is a hard, lustrous, silver-gray metal whose physical and chemical properties have played a key role in the history of human technological development.
One of cobalt's most remarkable physical properties is its extremely high Curie point, the temperature at which a material loses its ferromagnetism. Cobalt's Curie point is 1150°C, far exceeding that of iron (769°C) and nickel (358°C).11 This allows cobalt-based alloys to maintain strong magnetic properties at extremely high temperatures, making them ideal for manufacturing high-performance permanent magnets and heat-resistant superalloys.11
The history of cobalt's applications can be seen as a microcosm of human technological evolution. Its changing roles reflect the values of human civilization at different stages:
- Pigment in the Aesthetic Age: Before the Industrial Revolution, cobalt's most widespread use was as a pigment. Since ancient times, "cobalt blue" (chemically cobalt aluminate, CoO⋅Al2O3) has been used for coloring jewelry, glass, and ceramics due to its vibrant and extremely stable color, such as the famous Tang Sancai and blue-and-white porcelain of the Tang Dynasty in China, whose enduring blue color comes from cobalt.10
- Alloy in the Industrial Age: With the advent of industrialization, cobalt's value shifted to its physical strength. It was used to create high-strength, wear-resistant, and high-temperature-resistant "superalloys" (like Stellite) and hardmetals.11 These materials are core components of aircraft engine turbine blades, turbines, and high-strength cutting tools, crucial for the aerospace and modern military industries.13 Additionally, cobalt-chrome alloys are widely used in dental implants and artificial joints due to their biocompatibility.10
- Battery in the Information and Energy Age: In the 21st century, cobalt's most important application has shifted to energy storage. It is an indispensable key component of lithium-ion battery cathode materials (such as lithium cobaltate, LiCoO2).10 From smartphones and laptops to electric vehicles, modern society's reliance on portable energy has made cobalt a strategically valuable metal. More than half of the world's cobalt production comes from the Democratic Republic of Congo, making it a focal point in geopolitics and the global supply chain.10
Furthermore, the radioactive isotope of cobalt, Cobalt-60 (⁶⁰Co), plays a significant role in medical and industrial fields. It is a powerful source of gamma rays, widely used in cancer radiotherapy, sterilization of medical equipment, and industrial radiography.10
From the pursuit of eternal blue in art to the hard alloys driving the Industrial Revolution, and the batteries powering the digital age, the application history of element 27, cobalt, clearly outlines the evolutionary path of human civilization from aesthetic pursuits, to the mastery of power, and finally to the management of energy and information.
Category | Item | Description | Reference |
---|---|---|---|
Basic Information | Chemical Symbol | Co | 10 |
Atomic Number | 27 | 10 | |
Name Origin | From the German Kobold (goblin), as its ore was considered poisonous. | 10 | |
Physical Properties | State | Solid metal at room temperature | 10 |
Appearance | Hard, lustrous, silver-gray | 10 | |
Magnetism | Ferromagnetic | 10 | |
Curie Point | 1150°C (1396 K), loses magnetism above this temperature. | 10 | |
Melting Point | 1495 °C | 10 | |
Chemical Properties | Reactivity | Stable at room temperature, does not react with air or water. Reacts vigorously with many elements when heated. | 10 |
Main Oxidation States | +2, +3 | 10 | |
Main Applications | Pigments | Manufacturing cobalt blue, cobalt violet, etc., for ceramics, glass, and paints. | 10 |
Alloys | Manufacturing high-temperature, wear-resistant superalloys (for aircraft engines) and hardmetals (for tools). | 11 | |
Battery Materials | Core component of lithium-ion battery cathodes (lithium cobaltate). | 10 | |
Magnetic Materials | Manufacturing high-performance permanent magnets, such as Alnico and SmCo alloys. | 11 | |
Medical Applications | Cobalt-chrome alloys for artificial joints and dental materials; active center of Vitamin B12. | 10 | |
Radioactive Isotope | Cobalt-60 (⁶⁰Co) | As a gamma-ray source for cancer therapy, medical sterilization, and industrial radiography. | 10 |
2.2 The Rhythms of Celestial Bodies and Biology: The Number of Life and Time
The number 27 not only exists in the periodic table but is also deeply embedded in the cosmic rhythms and life structures around us. These connections are often fundamental, even subconscious.
In the field of astronomy, 27 is a fundamental period of the Moon's motion. The time it takes for the Moon to orbit the Earth and return to the same position among the stars—a sidereal month—is approximately 27.33 days.16 This cycle is one of humanity's oldest methods of time measurement and became a cornerstone of ancient astronomical systems. In ancient Chinese astronomy, the celestial equator was divided into "Twenty-Eight Mansions" (though a system of twenty-seven was also used in early times), serving as coordinates and "lodges" for the movement of the sun, moon, and stars.16 Similarly, ancient Indian astronomy has a system of 27 lunar mansions known as "Nakshatras," used for astrological and calendrical calculations.1 Furthermore, the planet Uranus in our solar system is known to have 27 moons, and the Sun's own rotation period is about 27 days.1
In the field of biology, 27 also plays a fundamental structural role. The human hand contains 27 bones, the primary organ through which humans interact with the world and create tools.1 On a microscopic level, the regeneration cycle of human skin cells is about 27 days, a basic physiological process for maintaining the body's surface barrier.1
These examples—the Moon's orbit, the Sun's rotation, the structure of the hand, the renewal of skin—are all at the core of human experience. They are fundamental rhythms and structures of time, action, and life. While people may not be consciously aware of these connections to 27 in their daily lives, the deep embedding of this number in our physical reality may provide a latent basis for its "mystical" or "significant" feel on a cultural and psychological level. When we encounter 27 in religion or myth, the reason it feels so "fated" or meaningful might be precisely because it is already part of our biological and astronomical "firmware."
Part Three: The Quest for Meaning: 27 in Spiritual and Belief Systems
This section will explore the universal human impulse to endow the number 27 with metaphysical meaning, showing how its mathematical properties have been reinterpreted by different cultures and belief systems, transforming it into a symbol with profound spiritual content.
3.1 Sacred Counting: 27 in World Religions
The number 27 independently manifests its sacredness in several major world religions, suggesting a cross-cultural common perception of this number when humans seek cosmic order and meaning.
- Christianity: The canon of the Christian New Testament consists of exactly 27 books, from the Gospel of Matthew to the Book of Revelation.1 The certainty of this number gives this core religious text a sense of structural completeness.
- Buddhism: In Buddhist practice, the Mala (prayer beads) is an important tool for cultivation. One common type of Mala consists of 27 beads, which is exactly one-quarter of the standard 108 beads.1 Reciting a mantra or chanting the Buddha's name while going through a 27-bead Mala four times completes 108 repetitions. Doctrinally, 27 can represent the "twenty-seven worthies and sages" in Theravada Buddhism, the 27 stages a disciple passes through to attain Arhatship.17 It can also symbolize the 27 principal disciples of the Buddha, each representing different wisdom and compassion.17
- Hinduism: As mentioned earlier, Hindu Vedic astrology divides the zodiac into 27 "Nakshatras," or lunar mansions. Each Nakshatra corresponds to a specific star cluster and is endowed with a unique divinity, energy, and symbolic meaning, having a decisive influence on personal destiny, marital compatibility, and the timing of major events.1
- Judaism: Although the Hebrew alphabet has 22 basic letters, 5 of them have different forms when used at the end of a word, resulting in a total of 27 unique letter forms.1 In mystical interpretations like the Kabbalah, 27, as the form of
33, is used to symbolize the perfect manifestation of God's threefold divine aspects.7 Furthermore, Chapter 27 of the Book of Numbers in the Old Testament records important laws regarding land inheritance, establishing property rights for women in the absence of male heirs, a key chapter in ancient law concerning divine justice and social structure.21
3.2 Mystical Coding: Numerology and Angel Numbers
In modern spiritual practices and numerology, 27 is considered an "angel number" filled with powerful energy. Its meaning is usually interpreted by deconstructing its component parts and their sum.
The number 27 is composed of the numbers 2 and 7. The number 2 represents balance, harmony, cooperation, partnership, and intuition; while the number 7 is associated with spiritual awakening, inner wisdom, the search for truth, and enlightenment.23 Therefore, the combination of 27 is interpreted as a divine message: encouraging individuals to use their inner wisdom and intuition (7) to seek and create harmony and balance (2) in their lives, especially in relationships.
Furthermore, the digital root of 27 is 9 (2+7=9).25 In numerology, 9 is a number representing completion, finality, humanitarianism, and selfless service. Thus, the complete message of 27 is seen as: achieving the noble goal of serving others and fulfilling one's life mission through spiritual growth and maintaining life balance. When a person frequently sees the number 27, it is considered an affirmation from their guardian angel, indicating that they are on the right spiritual path and should maintain faith and continue forward.23
These mystical interpretations, while seemingly arbitrary, are deeply connected to the mathematical nature of 27. The process of reducing 27 to 9 is a direct application of its property as a Harshad number (divisible by the sum of its digits). The emphasis on the numbers 3 and 9 also reflects its cubic structure as 33. This shows that esoteric belief systems do not create meaning out of thin air but rather build a spiritual narrative that meets human psychological needs upon the inherent mathematical laws of numbers. This reveals a deep human impulse: not only to find patterns in the universe but also to imbue these patterns with purpose and meaning.
Part Four: The Cultural Imprint: 27 in Society, Art, and Modern Myth
This section will analyze how the number 27 has been absorbed and recreated by human culture, evolving from an abstract concept into a cultural symbol with powerful, and sometimes tragic, force in the collective consciousness.
4.1 The Forever 27 Club: An Analysis of a Modern Myth
In contemporary popular culture, the most famous and unsettling association with the number 27 is the "27 Club." This is a widely circulated cultural term used to refer to a series of prominent musicians, artists, and celebrities who died at the age of 27, often due to high-risk lifestyles (such as drug abuse) or violence.28
The formation of this concept was not instantaneous. Its origins trace back to the period between 1969 and 1971, when Brian Jones, founder of The Rolling Stones, guitar god Jimi Hendrix, blues queen Janis Joplin, and The Doors' lead singer Jim Morrison all passed away at the age of 27.3 This series of startling coincidences sparked discussion at the time, but it wasn't until 1994, when grunge icon and Nirvana frontman Kurt Cobain committed suicide at 27, that the "27 Club" truly became a global cultural meme.3 In 2011, the death of British soul singer Amy Winehouse once again brought this tragic list to public attention.28
However, scientific studies of this phenomenon show that the so-called "curse of 27" does not have a statistically significant peak. Analysis of death data for tens of thousands of musicians found that 27 is not an age with an abnormally high mortality rate for musicians; in fact, other ages (like 56) have even more deaths.29 The "27 Club" phenomenon is more a result of confirmation bias and media amplification. Because the members who died at 27 had a groundbreaking impact in their fields, their deaths were imbued with more cultural meaning, making people particularly sensitive to subsequent tragedies occurring at the same age. This phenomenon is called the "27 Club effect": the myth itself shapes our cultural memory, making us pay more attention to celebrities who die at 27, which in turn reinforces the myth's existence.29 It is a modern myth about tragedy, genius, youth, and destruction, reflecting society's romanticized imagination of artists who burn their lives out.
Core Members of the "27 Club" | Life Span | Major Contribution | Cause of Death | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
Robert Johnson | 1911–1938 | Legendary blues musician with a profound influence on later rock music, considered a forerunner of the club. | Unknown, widely believed to be poisoning. | 33 |
Brian Jones | 1942–1969 | Founder, guitarist, and multi-instrumentalist of The Rolling Stones. | Drowned in his swimming pool. | 33 |
Jimi Hendrix | 1942–1970 | Widely regarded as one of the greatest electric guitarists in history, completely changing guitar technique and tone. | Asphyxiated on vomit after a sleeping pill overdose. | 31 |
Janis Joplin | 1943–1970 | One of the most iconic female rock and blues singers of the 1960s, known for her explosive voice. | Suspected heroin overdose. | 31 |
Jim Morrison | 1943–1971 | Lead singer and songwriter for The Doors, hailed as the "Lizard King" and a rock poet. | Officially heart failure, but the cause of death remains disputed. | 33 |
Kurt Cobain | 1967–1994 | Frontman of Nirvana, the soul of the 1990s grunge movement. | Died by suicide from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. | 3 |
Amy Winehouse | 1983–2011 | Grammy-winning artist who revived soul and jazz with her unique vocal style. | Alcohol poisoning. | 28 |
4.2 The Artist's Mark and the Writer's Cycle
The number 27 has also left a deep imprint on artistic and literary creation, sometimes as an unintentional marker, and other times as a carefully designed core element.
In the art world, the American abstract expressionist master Jackson Pollock's 1950 masterpiece was titled Number 27, 1950.35 While the title may simply be the artist's way of cataloging his work, the painting itself—a complex web of dripped, poured, and splattered paint covering the entire canvas—with its "all-over painting" style, is full of controlled chaos and deep structural sense, creating an interesting artistic parallel with the complex identity of the number 27 in mathematics and philosophy. In Tel Aviv, Israel, a giant graffiti mural depicting seven members of the "27 Club" has become a famous local street art landmark, directly translating this cultural myth into visual art.37
In literature and film, the most famous application of the number 27 is in horror master Stephen King's classic novel It. In the book, the ancient evil entity "It" (Pennywise) awakens from its slumber every 27 years to prey on the children of Derry, Maine.38 This 27-year cycle is not just a terrifying plot device but also symbolizes a complete human generation, representing the cyclical nature of fear and the recurrence of childhood trauma. A strange numerical coincidence surrounds the film adaptations of this work: the 2017 film version was released exactly 27 years after the 1990 television miniseries.39 Additionally, the number 27 has been used as an "Easter egg," intentionally or unintentionally placed in scenes by many film and television creators, becoming an inside joke among fans.9
4.3 The Number in Daily Life: Ubiquity and Identity
Besides its prominent place in myth and art, the number 27 has also widely permeated various aspects of daily life, becoming a common identifier in history, sports, technology, and commerce.
- Historical Years: In the long river of history, years ending in 27 often mark important turning points. In 27 BC, Octavian was granted the title "Augustus," officially transforming the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire and ushering in a new era.41 In 1727, the Qing Dynasty officially established the Amban in Tibet and signed the Treaty of Kyakhta with Russia, establishing governance and borders in the frontier regions.42 In 1927, the "Nanking Incident" occurred during the Northern Expedition of the National Revolutionary Army, exacerbating the conflict between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party and becoming a key moment in modern Chinese history.44
- Sports Competition: In the world of sports, the number 27 jersey has been worn by many legendary athletes. In Major League Baseball (MLB), sluggers Mike Trout and Giancarlo Stanton are known for wearing number 27.45 In basketball (NBA) and football, many famous players have also chosen 27 as their number, making it a symbol of power and achievement.47
- Technology and Commerce: In consumer electronics, 27 inches has become a mainstream standard size for computer monitors, with major brands like ASUS, Acer, and MSI launching numerous models named with "27".49 In transportation, Texas has the important Interstate 27 (I-27) 52, and Part 27 of the U.S. Federal Aviation Regulations (CFR) specifies the airworthiness standards for normal category rotorcraft.54
- Culture and General Knowledge: The U.S. Constitution has 27 amendments.5 The Spanish alphabet contains 27 letters.5 In a standard baseball game, each team has 27 outs.5 These seemingly scattered facts together build the ubiquity of the number 27 in our collective knowledge system, making it a familiar yet diverse cultural symbol.
Conclusion: The Enduring Resonance of a Perfect Cube
A comprehensive exploration of the number 27 reveals a narrative far richer and more profound than its arithmetic value. Its journey begins in the abstract world of mathematics, where its elegant form as the perfect cube 33 endows it with inherent qualities of stability, completeness, and harmony. This pure logical structure becomes a "hook" for the human mind to grasp and imbue with meaning.
This abstract elegance finds concrete counterparts in the physical world. From the atomic nucleus of the strategic metal cobalt (atomic number 27) to the cosmic constants governing the lunar orbit, solar rotation, and our own biological rhythms (like the number of bones in a hand and the skin renewal cycle), the number 27 is omnipresent. This union of abstract mathematics and physical reality provides fertile ground for it to be given a special status in human culture.
Thus, the human spiritual quest began to assign deeper meaning to this pattern. In Christianity, Buddhism, Hinduism, and Judaism, 27 was independently regarded as a sacred number, symbolizing the completeness of scriptures, stages of spiritual practice, or cosmic order. These ancient beliefs are echoed in modern new-age spiritual practices like numerology and "angel numbers," which interpret it as guidance from the universe.
Finally, these layered meanings are further amplified, and sometimes distorted, in contemporary culture, creating powerful and tragic modern myths like the "27 Club." This phenomenon perfectly illustrates how confirmation bias and the media can collectively weave a series of isolated tragedies into a cultural narrative with a fatalistic hue.
Ultimately, the story of the number 27 is a story about ourselves. It reflects the workings of the human mind—our keen perception of patterns, our innate need to assign meaning to order, and our ability to fuse science, history, faith, and myth into a complex and unified grand narrative. The number 27 is like a multifaceted prism, reflecting the multiple dimensions through which we understand the world. It is a simple integer, yet it carries the endless resonance of everything from cosmic laws to human joys and sorrows.
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- 27俱樂部:艾美懷絲、超脫樂團科特柯本,音樂藝術名人難逃的魔咒,卻成為拉娜德芮也想「入選」的榮耀神話 - Wazaiii, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://www.wazaiii.com/articles?id=music-27-club-young-legend
- 造神運動之下,「27 俱樂部」是詛咒還是浪漫? - Imperfect Magazine, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://www.imperfectmag.com/feature/vol21-27-club
- “27岁俱乐部”应该改叫“56岁”? - 新华网, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, http://news.xinhuanet.com/politics/2015-04/04/c_127656303.htm
- 【27歲詛咒】戛然而止的終曲,搖滾樂手的魔性死亡 - 重大歷史懸疑案件調查辦公室, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://ohsir.tw/1499/
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- Jackson Pollock | Number 27, 1950 | Whitney Museum of American Art, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://whitney.org/collection/works/2634
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- 27 Club graffiti in Tel Aviv - Wikipedia, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27_Club_graffiti_in_Tel_Aviv
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- Has anybody noticed how the number "27" seems to pop up periodically throughout the show? : r/euphoria - Reddit, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://www.reddit.com/r/euphoria/comments/qn2b5d/has_anybody_noticed_how_the_number_27_seems_to/
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- 1727年- 維基百科,自由的百科全書, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/1727%E5%B9%B4
- 南京事件(1927年) - 維基百科,自由的百科全書, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%AC%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(1927%E5%B9%B4)
- 賈恩卡洛·斯坦頓- 維基百科, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E8%B4%BE%E6%81%A9%E5%8D%A1%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E9%A1%BF
- 麥可·楚奧特- 維基百科,自由的百科全書, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E9%BA%A5%E5%8F%AF%C2%B7%E6%A5%9A%E5%A5%A7%E7%89%B9
- 世界足坛著名的27号球员,你PICK谁?, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://m.dongqiudi.com/article/2369775.html
- NBA球衣号码27号代表人物, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, http://www.usbashop.com/article-666.html
- 專家監製10 大27吋螢幕推薦排行榜【2025最新】 - mybest, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://tw.my-best.com/117356
- 電腦螢幕推薦十大熱銷精選排行榜-【2025年】, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://review.com.tw/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E8%9E%A2%E5%B9%95%E6%8E%A8%E8%96%A6/
- 显示器哪个品牌好?最新排行榜前十名:联想垫底,小米又来搞事情 - 什么值得买, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://post.m.smzdm.com/p/a2x82oq7/
- I-27 System in Texas - Texas Department of Transportation, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://www.txdot.gov/projects/projects-studies/statewide/i27-system-in-texas.html
- Interstate 27 - Wikipedia, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_27
- 14 CFR § 27.301 - Loads. - Legal Information Institute, 檢索日期:7月 12, 2025, https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/27.301